Effect of Chronic Caffeine Administration on The Bax/Bcl-2 Protein Expression Ratio in Myocardial Tissue of Male Wistar Rats Model of Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: Some previous studies have shown that protective effect of caffeine against induction of apoptosis through in the regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic caffeine administration on the interactions among of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the cardiac tissue of induced type two diabetic rats. Methods: In experimental design, twenty-four male white wistar rats (age range of 2-3 months and weight 250-300 g) were purchased and were randomly divided into three groups (n=8): Healthy control; without supplement (C), Diabetic control; without supplement (D) and Diabetic with caffeine (D+CA: 70 mg.kg-1 5 days.weeks for 8 weeks). The expression the proteins associated with apoptotic signaling pathway (Bax and Bcl-2) in the heart muscle myocardium (left ventricular), based on Western blot analysis were be used. From the one-way variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test were be used to the analysis of results. Findings: The results indicate that induction of type two diabetes significantly increases (1.81±0.2) the expression of Bax and decreased (0.36±0.05) Bcl-2 expression levels in compare to control group (P=0.001). However, caffeine administration induces increase (131%) in the expression of apoptosis (Bax) proteins in compare to diabetic control group (P=0.001). Therefore, caffeine in combination with diabetes disease induction an elevated the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax (P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, 8 weeks of caffeine administration have an exacerbates effect on apoptotic cell death induced of type two diabetes through increases in pro-apoptosis and reduceded in anti-apoptotic proteins.